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Press conference

This European Council has focused on 3 issues 鈥� the UK renegotiation, migration and terrorism.

I talked about the renegotiation last night and I will come back to it shortly 鈥� but first the other 2 issues.

Migration

Yesterday afternoon, we discussed the ongoing migration crisis facing Europe.

Even with the onset of winter, there are still many migrants coming to Europe 鈥� with around 5,000 arriving via the eastern Mediterranean route each day.

Britain has its own strict border controls, which apply to everyone attempting to enter the United Kingdom.

And every day those border controls are helping to keep us safe.

But while we are outside Schengen, we are ready to help our European partners secure their borders.

From the start, the United Kingdom has called for a comprehensive approach that tackles the root causes of this migration crisis 鈥� not just the consequences of vast numbers reaching Europe.

That鈥檚 why we have provided 拢1.2 billion in humanitarian assistance for the Syrian conflict and deployed HMS Enterprise and police officers to the Mediterranean to go after the traffickers.

And it鈥檚 why we have offered practical assistance to help with the registering and fingerprinting of migrants in countries where they land, like Greece and Italy.

Indeed, we have provided more technical expertise to the European Asylum Support Office than any other country.

Here at this summit, we discussed the importance of implementing the measures previously agreed.

Back in the summer, after some very frank discussions, countries committed to resettle 22,000 refugees from Syria over 2 years and to relocate 160,000 migrants arriving in 鈥榟otspots鈥� to other participating countries.

It鈥檚 clear from what others have said that very few have been relocated or settled.

Alongside this I announced that the United Kingdom would resettle 20,000 Syrian refugees during this Parliament.

And we are meeting the ambition we set out since September, we have resettled over 1,000 Syrian refugees from camps in Turkey, Jordan and Lebanon.

They are in homes, their children are in schools and they can look forward to the New Year free from the fear of uncertainty and with the prospect of building a new life in Britain.

And the United Kingdom will continue to play our full part in helping all those affected by the Syrian crisis with the conference we will co-host with Germany, Kuwait, Norway and the UN next February.

Terrorism

Turning to terrorism.

The horrific attacks in Paris last month underline the threat we all face from Daesh.

What happened on a Friday night last month in Paris could have happened in any European city.

We face a common threat. No one country can defeat it alone. We have to defeat it together.

We made important progress last week with provisional agreement between the Council and the European Parliament on new rules to share passenger name records. This is an absolutely vital piece of work.

But there is more we must do.

We need more systematic data sharing so we can track down and stop terrorists.

We must step up our co-operation on aviation security.

We need to go after Daesh鈥檚 finances, choking off the oil and money.

We should do more to counter the extremists鈥� propaganda and their poisonous narrative.

And we must clamp down on firearms and explosives 鈥� stopping them from getting into the hands of evil terrorists who are determined to wreak such misery with them.

And I am pleased that we have got a very clear agreement here to rapidly take forward proposals on all these areas.

All of this requires closer co-operation, right now.

Security

Common to both the challenge of migration and the threat of terrorism is the instability in Libya and Syria.

That鈥檚 why it鈥檚 so important that we work together to support strong, stable and inclusive governance in these countries.

Here today, we have reiterated the EU鈥檚 support for the efforts of the International Syria Support Group to end the conflict in Syria through a political process.

And we welcome the agreement reached in Morocco yesterday that we hope will pave the way for a new united national government in Libya.

In an unstable world, Britain is playing a leading role in the EU on issues of security 鈥� working with other member states so we better protect our people.

And that underlines why this renegotiation is so important.

UK renegotiation

As I said last night, we have made good progress.

We are a step closer to agreement on the significant and far-reaching reforms I have proposed.

It is going to be tough and there is lots of hard work to do.

But I believe 2016 will be the year we achieve something really vital fundamentally changing the UK鈥檚 relationship with the EU and finally addressing the concerns of the British people about our membership.

Then it will be for British people to decide whether we remain or leave.

It is a choice we will all need to think hard about.

But I believe if we can get these reforms right 鈥� and I believe we can I firmly believe that for our economic security and for increasing our national security, the best future for Britain is in a reformed European Union.

Happy to take some questions. Let鈥檚 start with the BBC.

Question

Prime Minister, thank you. Laura Kuenssberg, BBC News. You鈥檝e just given a very clear hint that the vote on our membership of the European Union will be in 2016. Previous major changes in the European Union have taken a long time. The Amsterdam Treaty took 2 years; the Maastricht Treaty took 2 years. How can we be confident that changes you want 鈥� if they are a big deal 鈥� can be done in 2 months?

And if I may, on Libya, are UK troops going to be intervening?

Prime Minister

Okay, first of all, in terms of changes, I鈥檝e been working on this with a clear mandate from the British people ever since the election back in May. And a lot of work has been done. What matters is that these changes are legally binding and irreversible, and I believe we can find ways of setting that out, demonstrating that, in the coming months. Obviously, I want a deal in February, but I鈥檝e set the deadline for the referendum as the end of 2017. I always wanted to give myself time to get this right. What matters is the substance 鈥� is getting it right, rather than the timing. That鈥檚 the first point.

On Libya, what has happened is a good step forward. It鈥檚 not perfect, because not everyone involved in these Libyan political discussions has joined the new government, but we鈥檝e always said that we stand ready to support them with resources, with training, with advice, with capacity building. But frankly, the last thing a new Libyan government wants is a lot of foreign troops on its soil. That is not what we鈥檙e proposing. It鈥檚 about helping them to build the capacity of a government to run that country.

And why that has a direct impact on us, as it were, back at home, is these 2 reasons. One is, because Libya had become a broken state, the criminal gangs were able to use it as a jumping off point for the migrant boats across the Med, and there weren鈥檛 proper authorities for us to work with in Libya to put a stop to that. So the government of Libya is absolutely crucial in being able to deliver an end to that migration route.

But secondly, and in many ways even more significantly, because there is now presence of Daesh in Libya, we need a government to be our partner and work with us 鈥� and we should work with them 鈥� to do the right thing for their country, which is to make sure that Daesh cannot have a foothold in that country.

So it鈥檚 early days; it is an agreement signed rather than a government actually in place, but we should do everything we can to back it and support it. ITV?

Question

Prime Minister, there were reports this morning that you鈥檙e being offered an emergency break on in-work benefits for EU migrants, when Brussels agrees the public services risk being under 鈥� overwhelmed. Would that remotely be enough?

Prime Minister

Well, what I鈥檝e said is, look, my proposal 鈥� the 4-year proposal remains on the table. What happened last night is that the European Commission said that they were looking for solutions, not compromises, but were in a negotiation. And I鈥檓 convinced that if we work hard between now and February, we鈥檒l find a good answer. George?

Question

George Parker, from the Financial Times. Can I ask another question specific to the renegotiation, about the 鈥� your idea of re-designating the EU as a multi-currency union. Are you running into any resistance on that? We hear the President of the European Central Bank is concerned that if you make this explicit that some countries, for example Poland, might see that 鈥� decide that they no longer have to join the euro.

Prime Minister

Well, there was a lot of discussion about this last night. I think there was a recognition that it鈥檚 a statement of fact that the EU has many currencies within it. Now obviously it鈥檚 important not just that we say that, but then we go one step further and make sure that you鈥檙e not disadvantaged in the single market if you鈥檙e outside the single currency. And I think there was a very good discussion about that last night. Of course, countries in the eurozone want to know that they can press ahead with vital integration that they might need without us outside the eurozone stopping them.

And I鈥檝e said, look, my whole point is, I don鈥檛 want to stand in the way of the things the eurozone needs to do to make that currency work well. It鈥檚 in our interests that it does work well, but likewise it鈥檚 very important that we have a set of principles that Britain and other countries outside the euro can鈥檛 be put at a disadvantage. And you know, at the heart of this is this issue of not being liable in any way to have your taxpayers鈥� money spent on eurozone-related issues.

Now, there was a risk of that in the summer, as you know, of the European stability 鈥� financial stability mechanism being used to bail out Greece. We stopped that from happening, but we shouldn鈥檛 have to, you know, make ad hoc efforts to stop that happening. It should be written down, clearly, the principles of no disadvantage, of no discrimination, of eurozone countries having to pay for eurozone issues.

So it鈥檚 鈥� you know, as I said last night, none of the 4 issues are easy to deliver. It鈥檚 a mistake to think you鈥檝e got 3 baskets that are progressing towards completion and the fourth is the one with the 鈥� all the difficulties in. Each of these areas have problems that need to be resolved. But I felt that in each of the areas there鈥檚 sufficient good will to overcome difficulties and come up with a good solution. And in all these areas, as the Commission has said, you know, you鈥檝e got to find answers rather than unsustainable compromises.

Sky News.

Question

Prime Minister, so we now start an 8-week period where Donald Tusk looks for some sort of compromise that meets your needs on migration. Can you guarantee that whatever comes out of this will actually help control EU migration and will lessen EU migration into the United Kingdom?

Prime Minister

The whole aim of this is if you stand back from it all why have I chosen these 4 areas? Well they are the 4 things that I think most concern Britain about Europe. People are concerned that it鈥檚 becoming a single currency only club and you need guarantees that if you鈥檙e outside the single currency you can have the flexibility and the success you need. People want to know, in Britain particularly, that it鈥檚 not an ever closer union, that we鈥檙e carved out of that. People want to know it adds to competitiveness, not takes away from competitiveness.

And, yes, people want to know that we can help relieve some of the pressure in terms of the movement of people across Europe. Not because Britain is unwelcoming. We鈥檙e an incredibly welcoming country. We have one of the most cosmopolitan countries on Earth and people come to Britain and work hard and make a life for themselves. And that strengthens our country. But the British people, and I totally share this view, feel that in recent years the pressure of new arrivals has just been too great.

And part of that pressure is caused by the fact that we have a very generous top-up welfare system which means sometimes that you could 鈥� you know, you can train as a 鈥� a nurse or a doctor in some less well-off European countries and having finished your training it actually pays you to work in an unskilled job in the United Kingdom rather than continue as a nurse or a doctor in your own country. Now that doesn鈥檛 make sense for either side in the European Union and actually there鈥檚 a lot of recognition of that that, you know, countries in southern Europe they want to keep the 鈥� those talented people to help build their countries.

So while of course there鈥檚 a very lively debate and discussion 鈥� there was a lively debate and discussion last night. There is an understanding that this is not some unreasonable request. This is a serious issue. It has real impacts for both Britain and for other countries as well. So, yes, as I鈥檝e said, what we鈥檙e looking for is a solution rather than just some sort of compromise that won鈥檛 have the effect that we want it to 鈥� to have. I think the British people fully understand this as well. They know how important the issue of welfare is.

And if you go back to what I said at the election, you know, I basically said on welfare I said there were 4 things we wanted to achieve. First that people who come to Britain cannot claim unemployment benefit for the first 6 months. Well, we鈥檙e well on the way to achieving that with the introduction of universal credit. And that is backed and allowed by the European Union. The second thing I said was that people who can鈥檛 find a job after 6 months they have to go home. Again that is now pretty much in place. The third thing was the issue of sending child benefit home. I think we鈥檙e making very good 鈥� not being able to send child benefit home where there鈥檚 good progress made in the discussions last night. And the fourth thing was the 4 鈥� no in-work benefit for 4 years where, yes, there鈥檚 the lively discussion. The proposal remains on the table and the European Commission has said they鈥檙e looking for solutions not compromises.

So I think that is good progress, going back to Laura鈥檚 question, in terms of what鈥檚 been achieved in the 7 months since the election. You know, we said we鈥檇 have a referendum. We鈥檝e passed that legislation. It鈥檚 now part of the law of the land. We鈥檝e said we鈥檇 have a renegotiation. A lot of people said, you know, 鈥淵ou won鈥檛 get 27 other countries to sit down and renegotiate with you.鈥� Well, we have. It鈥檚 well under way. We鈥檙e making progress in all the 4 areas. Now we鈥檝e got a pretty tight deadline, I accept, to bring it to a close by February. But, you know, I think there鈥檚 sufficient goodwill to have a really good go at that. But I鈥檝e left myself some room. I want to get the substance right. This is not about artificial timetables and deadlines and all the rest of it. There鈥檚 plenty of time to get the substance that the British people need.

Because this is a massive decision for our country. You think of the terrorists and the security threats that we face. You think of the situation brought about by what Russia has done in Ukraine. You think of the instability in the Middle East, the terrorist threat that that is generating. I think we are better off standing together with our allies and partners in a reformed Europe. But we need to get that reformed Europe in order to make that happen. That鈥檚 why if anything this renegotiation has got more important. Because it鈥檚 so vital for the future of Britain and I would argue for Europe that we get it right.

And there was a lot of recognition of that last night, of people starting their speeches not by saying they all believe Britain is better off in Europe. They started their speeches by saying that Europe would be better off with Britain in. So this renegotiation has got more important. It certainly hasn鈥檛 been solved or fixed but we are well on the way to a deal. We鈥檝e taken some good steps forward. Now we鈥檝e got to bring it home. Thank you very much.