Zinc Biofortification of Rice in China: A Simulation of Zinc Intake with Different Dietary Patterns
Abstract
A cross-sectional survey of 2819 adults aged 20 years and above was undertaken in 2002 in Jiangsu Province. Zinc intake was assessed using a consecutive 3-day 24-h dietary recall method. Insufficient and excess intake was determined according to the Chinese Dietary Recommended Intakes. Four distinct dietary patterns were identified namely 鈥渢raditional鈥�, 鈥渕acho鈥�, 鈥渟weet tooth鈥�, and 鈥渉ealthy鈥�. Intake of zinc from biofortified rice was simulated at an intermediate zinc concentration (2.7 mg/100 g) and a high zinc concentration (3.8 mg/100 g) in rice. Average total zinc intake was 12.0 卤 3.7 mg/day, and insufficiency of zinc intake was present in 15.4%. Simulated zinc intake from biofortified rice with intermediate and high zinc concentration decreased the prevalence of low zinc intake to 6.5% and 4.4%, respectively. The effect was most pronounced in the 鈥渢raditional鈥� pattern, with only 0.7% of insufficiency of zinc intake remaining in the highest quartile of the pattern. Zinc intake was inversely associated with the 鈥渟weet tooth鈥� pattern. Zinc biofortifed rice improves dietary zinc intake and lowers risk for insufficient zinc intake, especially for subjects with a more 鈥渢raditional鈥� food pattern, but less for subjects with a 鈥渟weet tooth鈥� food pattern.
Citation
Qin, Y.; Melse-Boonstra, A.; Yuan, B.; Pan, X.; Dai, Y.; Zhou, M.; Wegmueller, R.; Zhao, J.; Kok, F.J.; Shi, Z. Zinc Biofortification of Rice in China: A Simulation of Zinc Intake with Different Dietary Patterns. Nutrients (2012) 4 (6) 517-528. [DOI: 10.3390/nu4060517]